Iannis Xenakis

Iannis Xenakis (1922-2001) was a Romanian-born Greek-French composer, music theorist, architect, and engineer. He is considered one of the most radical and influential composers of the twentieth century. Xenakis developed a theory of stochastic music in the early 1950s and became a member of the Groupe De Recherche De Musique Concrète in late 1954. He also joined *Pierre Boulez's* organization later on.

Xenakis was a pioneer in using computers for musical composition starting from 1961. In addition to his musical pursuits, he worked as an architect alongside *Le Corbusier* and designed the Philips Pavilion for the Brussels World's Fair in 1958. His interest in combining music, architecture, and mathematics led him to publish "Musique Formelles" in 1963.

In 1972, Xenakis founded CEMAMu (Centre d'Etudes de Mathématique et Automatique Musicales) near Paris. Throughout his career, he composed for various instrumental ensembles and solos. Notably, his 'polytopes', which were sound and light spectacles, were performed at different locations such as Persepolis (1971), Paris (1972), Mycénes (1978), and again in Paris (1978).

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